Begonias are great because of their gorgeous flowers and attractive foliage as well as tolerating growing conditions. However, they are actually tropical and subtropical, not being frost hardy. So that makes them troublesome to the gardener who lives in colder climates. Overwintering begonias guarantees that they make it through the cold winter months and, once warmer temperatures are back around, they should come back quite robust. Below are the procedures on how to overwinter the different types of begonias.

Knowing the Type of Begonias

Before diving into overwintering techniques, it’s essential to understand the type of begonia you’re working with:

Tuberous Begonias: These have a dormant tuber stage, making them easier to store over winter. They produce large, showy flowers and thrive in shaded areas.

Fibrous Begonias: Including wax begonias, these have fibrous root systems and do not go dormant. They are often grown as annuals but can be overwintered indoors.

Rhizomatous Begonias: Ornamental-leafed begonias that develop from thick rhizomes can be overwintered as houseplants.

Overwintering of Begonias

Preparation Before Overwintering

To have a successful overwintering period, preparation should be done. Here is how to do it:

Checking the Health Condition of the Plants: Check whether the plants bear signs of any disease or pests. Only those that are disease-free and without pests should be overwintered.

Prune and Clean: Remove any dead or damaged leaves and stems. Gently clean the leaves to remove dust and pests.

Digging up Tuberous Begonias: For the tuberous, wait until their foliage starts yellowing and falling off in autumn. Dig gently around the plants to avoid hurting the tubers.

Overwintering Methods

The method of overwintering will depend upon the type of begonia that you have available space for in your home

1. Overwintering with Tuberous Begonias

Tuberous begonias require dormancy over winter. They are simple to store as they go dormant. Here is the process:

Step 1: Cure the Tubers

Following digging, cure the tubers in a dark, cool area for approximately a week. The process helps the tubers cure and avoids rot.

Step 2: Remove Excess Soil

Use soft-bristled brush to brush off remaining soil. Never attempt to wash them because this tends to cause further moisture which creates rot.

Step 3: Store in Dry Medium

Place the tubers in a box lined with peat moss, vermiculite, or sawdust. It is best to not touch the tubers because disease can be transferred.

Step 4: Store Properly

Store the box in a cool, dark, dry area such as the basement or garage. The temperature must be kept between 40 and 50°F (4 to 10°C). Check on a regular basis for rotting and dehydration.

2. Wintering Fibrous and Rhizomatous Begonias In Doors

These begonias do not go dormant and can be kept as houseplants during winter:

Step 1: Pot the Plants

Transplant your begonias into pots if they are in the ground before the first frost. Use well-draining potting soil.

Step 2: Choose a Bright Location

Place the pots in a bright spot, such as a south-facing window. Begonias need at least 6 hours of indirect sunlight daily.

Step 3: Monitor Temperature and Humidity

Keep the indoor temperatures between 60°F and 70°F (15°C to 21°C). Use a humidifier or place a tray of water next to the plants to increase humidity.

Step 4: Watering

Water less during winter and let the top inch of soil dry out between waterings. Do not overwater, as this can cause root rot.

3. Growing Begonias from Cuttings for Winter

You can take cuttings and grow new plants indoors:

Step 1: Take Cuttings

Prepare using a clean sharp knife, the healthy stems and cut 3-4 inches long. Lower leaves removed from the cutting ends.

Step 2: Plant the Cuttings

Submerge the cuttings into glass of water or a pot full of moistened potting soil. Leave the cuttings under warm, light conditions.

Step 3: Transplanting

After formation of roots in the cutting plant them in the individual pots, and then follow the mature plants care routine like begonias.

Common Issues and Solutions

Overwintering begonias can be problematic. Here is how to troubleshoot common issues.

Rotting Tubers: Proper curing and storage conditions should be followed. Inspect tubers regularly and take out any that show rot.

Pest Infestations: Check for pests on plants and tubers before bringing them indoors. For infestations, insecticidal soap or neem oil can be applied.

Leggy Growth: Proper light conditions contribute to legginess. If there is not enough natural light, supplemental grow lights can also be used.

Spring Revival

As spring approaches, it’s time to bring your begonias back to life:

For Tuberous Begonias:

1. Take tubers out of storage in late winter.
2. Plant them in pots with fresh potting soil, covering them just below the surface.
3. Water lightly and place in a bright, warm location.
4. Once new growth appears, increase watering and gradually acclimate them to outdoor conditions.

For Fibrous and Rhizomatous Begonias:

1. Gradually increase watering and feeding as the days lengthen.
2. Place them outdoors after the last frost, to a shaded place first, away from the burning sun.

Conclusion

Overwintering begonias is not easy, but the reward of healthy, thriving plants year after year is well worth it. Knowing the specific needs of your begonia variety and following the appropriate steps will ensure these stunning plants remain a highlight of your garden or indoor space. Whether you store tubers, maintain houseplants, or propagate cuttings, your begonias will be ready to burst into life again come spring.